\u00a0(\u06be. 1209\u2013 1311\/ \u0645. 1794 \u2013 1893)<\/p>\n
\u0634\u06d5\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0626\u06c7\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0626\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u06d5\u0632\u06d5\u0631 \u0626\u0649\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u06c7\u06be\u06d5\u0645\u0645\u06d5\u062f \u0646\u06d5\u0632\u0649\u0631 \u062a\u06c7\u0631\u067e\u0627\u0646\u0649\u064a \u0634\u06d5\u0631\u0642\u0649\u064a \u062a\u06c8\u0631\u0643\u0649\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0645\u06d5\u0634\u06be\u06c7\u0631 \u0642\u06d5\u062f\u0649\u0645\u0649\u064a \u0634\u06d5\u06be\u06d5\u0631\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0628\u0649\u0631\u0649 \u06be\u06d0\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0649\u0646\u0649\u062f\u0649\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u06c7\u0631\u067e\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u06d5\u06be\u0649\u0631\u0649\u062f\u06d5 \u062a\u06c7\u063a\u06c7\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646. \u0626\u06c7 \u062f\u0649\u0646\u0649\u0646\u0649 \u06be\u06d5\u0645\u0645\u0649\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0626\u06c8\u0633\u062a\u0649\u06af\u06d5 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0649\u062f\u0649\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u06d5\u06cb\u0645\u0649\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u0626\u06d5\u0646\u0649\u0633\u0649 \u06cb\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u0642\u0649\u062f\u0649\u0633\u0649\u06af\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u06ad\u06c8\u0644 \u0628\u06c6\u0644\u0649\u062f\u0649\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u06be\u0649\u0645\u0645\u0649\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u06c8\u0643\u0633\u06d5\u0643 \u0626\u0649\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0649\u064a \u06be\u06c6\u0643\u06c8\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u06c7\u06be\u06c7\u0631\u06c7\u062f\u062f\u0649\u0646 \u06be\u06d5\u0643\u0649\u0645 \u0628\u0649\u0644\u06d5\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06cb\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0634 \u0626\u0649\u062f\u0649. \u06be\u06d5\u0631 \u0626\u0649\u0643\u0643\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0633\u0649 \u062a\u06c7\u0631\u067e\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0649\u0642 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u06c7\u067e\u060c \u0628\u0649\u0631\u0649\u0646\u0686\u0649\u0633\u0649 \u064a\u06d5\u0646\u0649 \u0634\u06d5\u064a\u062e \u0626\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u06d5\u0632\u06d5\u0631 \u0626\u0627\u062e\u06c7\u0646\u06c7\u0645 \u0628\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645\u0644\u0649\u0643\u060c \u062f\u0649\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0634\u06d5\u06be\u06d5\u0631\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u06be\u0649\u062c\u0631\u0649\u064a\u06d5 13 – \u0626\u06d5\u0633\u0649\u0631\u062f\u0649\u0643\u0649 \u0628\u0649\u0631 \u0628\u06c6\u0644\u06c8\u0643 \u0628\u06c8\u064a\u06c8\u0643 \u0626\u06c6\u0644\u0649\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0626\u06c7\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0649 \u0626\u0649\u062f\u0649. \u0642\u06d5\u0634\u0642\u06d5\u0631 \u06cb\u06d5 \u0626\u06c7\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0626\u06d5\u062a\u0631\u0627\u067e\u0649\u062f\u0649\u0643\u0649 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u06be\u06c6\u0643\u06c8\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u06c7\u06be\u06c7\u0631\u06c7\u062f\u062f\u0649\u0646 \u06be\u06d5\u0643\u0649\u0645\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649 \u06be\u0649\u062c\u0631\u0649\u064a\u06d5 1244 – \u064a\u0649\u0644\u0649 \u0626\u06c7\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u06be\u06c6\u0643\u06c8\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0649\u0642\u0649\u063a\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0633\u06c7\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u0627\u063a\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0626\u06c7 \u0634\u06d5\u064a\u062e \u0626\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u06d5\u0632\u06d5\u0631 \u0626\u0627\u062e\u06c7\u0646\u06c7\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0626\u0648\u0642\u06c7 – \u0626\u0648\u0642\u06c7\u062a\u06c7\u0634\u060c \u0633\u0648\u062a \u06cb\u06d5 \u067e\u06d5\u062a\u06cb\u0627 \u0626\u0649\u0634\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u063a\u0627 \u0645\u06d5\u0633\u0626\u06c7\u0644 \u0642\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0634 \u0626\u06c8\u0686\u06c8\u0646 \u062a\u06c7\u0631\u067e\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0649\u0646 \u0642\u06d5\u0634\u0642\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06d5 \u0643\u06d0\u0644\u0649\u0634\u0643\u06d5 \u062a\u06d5\u0643\u0644\u0649\u067e \u0642\u0649\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n
\u0645\u06c7\u0641\u062a\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u06d5\u0632\u06d5\u0631 \u0626\u0627\u062e\u06c7\u0646\u06c7\u0645 \u062e\u06c7\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u064a\u06d0\u0642\u0649\u0634\u0644\u0649\u0642\u060c \u0642\u0649\u064a\u0627\u067e\u0649\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u06d0\u0642\u0649\u0645\u0644\u0649\u0642\u060c \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645\u0644\u0649\u0643\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0628\u0644\u0649\u0643 \u0643\u0649\u0634\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u06c7\u067e\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u06ad \u0626\u0627\u062f\u0649\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u062a\u0686\u0649 \u0626\u0649\u062f\u0649. \u0626\u06c7\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u062f\u06d5\u06cb\u0631\u0649\u062f\u06d5 \u0642\u06d5\u0634\u0642\u06d5\u0631 \u0634\u06d5\u06be\u0649\u0631\u0649\u062f\u06d5 \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645 \u0628\u06c7\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649 \u062c\u06c7\u0634 \u0626\u06c7\u0631\u06c7\u067e \u0631\u0627\u06cb\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u06c7\u067e\u060c \u062a\u06c8\u0631\u0644\u06c8\u0643 \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645 – \u0645\u06d5\u0631\u0649\u067e\u06d5\u062a \u0633\u0627\u06be\u06d5\u0644\u0649\u0631\u062f\u06d5 \u0643\u0649\u0634\u0649\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0632\u0648\u0642\u0649\u0646\u0649 \u0643\u06d5\u0644\u062a\u06c8\u0631\u06af\u06c8\u062f\u06d5\u0643 \u062a\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0642\u0642\u0649\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06d5\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0627 \u0643\u06d5\u0644\u06af\u06d5\u0646 \u0626\u0649\u062f\u0649. \u0645\u06d5\u0646 \u0642\u06d5\u0634\u0642\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u0649\u0643\u0649 \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0645\u0649\u064a \u064a\u06c8\u0643\u0633\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0634 \u062f\u06d5\u06cb\u0631\u0649 \u0626\u06c7\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0626\u0648\u062a\u062a\u06c7\u0631\u0627 \u0626\u0627\u0633\u0649\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0649\u0643\u0649 \u0626\u0649\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0649\u060c \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645 – \u0645\u06d5\u0631\u0649\u067e\u06d5\u062a \u0626\u0648\u0686\u0649\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u06d5\u0634\u0642\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06d5 \u0642\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0645 \u0628\u06d0\u0633\u0649\u0634\u0649 \u0628\u0649\u0644\u06d5\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u067e \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0645\u06d5\u0646. \u0634\u06c7 \u062f\u06d5\u06cb\u0631\u0644\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5 \u0642\u06d5\u0634\u0642\u06d5\u0631 \u0634\u06d5\u06be\u0649\u0631\u0649 \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0645\u0649\u064a \u0626\u0648\u0631\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0643\u06c6\u067e\u0644\u06c8\u0643\u0649\u060c \u067e\u06d5\u0646 \u062a\u06c8\u0631\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0644\u0649\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u0649\u0644\u06d5\u0646 \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645 – \u0645\u06d5\u0631\u0649\u067e\u06d5\u062a \u062c\u06d5\u06be\u06d5\u062a\u062a\u06d5 \u00ab\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0649\u064a \u0628\u06c7\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u2039\u0626\u0649\u0643\u0643\u0649\u0646\u0686\u0649 \u0628\u06c7\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u203a\u00bb \u062f\u06d5\u067e \u0626\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646. \u0631\u06d5\u0633\u06c7\u0644\u06c7\u0644\u0644\u0627\u06be \u0633\u06d5\u0644\u0644\u06d5\u0644\u0644\u0627\u06be\u06c7 \u0626\u06d5\u0644\u06d5\u064a\u06be\u0649 \u06cb\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0644\u0644\u06d5\u0645\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u06be\u0649\u062c\u0631\u0649\u062a\u0649\u062f\u0649\u0646 \u0645\u0649\u06ad \u064a\u0649\u0644 \u0626\u06c6\u062a\u0643\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0649\u0646 \u0643\u06d0\u064a\u0649\u0646\u0643\u0649 3 – \u0626\u06d5\u0633\u0649\u0631\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0626\u0627\u062e\u0649\u0631\u0649\u063a\u0627 \u064a\u06d0\u062a\u0649\u067e \u0643\u06d5\u0644\u0645\u06d5\u064a \u062a\u06c7\u0631\u06c7\u067e\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0642\u06d5\u0634\u0642\u06d5\u0631 \u0634\u06d5\u06be\u0649\u0631\u0649\u062f\u06d5 \u062a\u06c8\u0631\u0644\u06c8\u0643 \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645 – \u0645\u06d5\u0631\u0649\u067e\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u06af\u06d5 \u0644\u0649\u0642\u0642\u0649\u062f\u06d5 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646 17 \u062f\u0649\u0646\u0649\u064a \u0626\u0649\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0649\u062a\u06c7\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0649\u0642\u0642\u0627 \u0643\u06d0\u0644\u0649\u067e \u0628\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0626\u0649\u062f\u0649.<\/p>\n
\u0631\u06d5\u06be\u0645\u06d5\u062a\u0644\u0649\u0643 \u0634\u06d5\u064a\u062e \u0628\u06c7\u0631\u06c7\u0646\u0642\u0649 \u062a\u06c7\u0631\u067e\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u06d5\u06be\u0649\u0631\u0649\u062f\u06d5 \u062a\u06d5\u0642\u06cb\u0627\u0644\u0649\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u0649\u0644\u06d5\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u06c7\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0627\u0644\u063a\u06c7\u0632 \u062a\u06c7\u0631\u067e\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0649\u0644\u0627 \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u06d5\u0633\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u0644\u0643\u0649 \u067e\u06c8\u062a\u0643\u06c8\u0644 \u0634\u06d5\u0631\u0642\u0649\u064a \u062a\u06c8\u0631\u0643\u0649\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u06be\u06d5\u0645\u0645\u06d5 \u062c\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06d0\u06af\u06c8\u062f\u06d5\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0649\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0649\u067e \u0643\u06d5\u0645\u0628\u06d5\u063a\u06d5\u0644\u06af\u0649\u0686\u06d5\u060c \u067e\u06c7\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0649\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0649\u067e \u06be\u06c6\u0643\u06c8\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0649\u0686\u06d5 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0686\u06d5 \u062e\u06d5\u0644\u0642 \u0626\u0627\u0631\u0649\u0633\u0649\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06d5\u0644\u06af\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0643 \u0626\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06d5\u0631\u0649\u067e\u06d5\u062a\u0644\u0649\u0643 \u0626\u0627\u0626\u0649\u0644\u0649\u062f\u06d5 \u062f\u06c7\u0646\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0627 \u0643\u06d5\u0644\u06af\u06d5\u0646. \u0626\u06c7 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u0644\u06d5\u067e\u0643\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u06cb\u0627\u062f\u0649\u0646\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u062a\u0649\u0633\u0649\u062f\u0627 \u0686\u0649\u0642\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646. \u0626\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0649\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0649\u0642 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0649\u062e\u0642\u0627 \u0626\u0649\u06af\u06d5 \u062a\u06c7\u0631\u067e\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06d5\u062f\u0631\u0649\u0633\u06d5\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u062f\u06d5 \u0686\u0648\u06ad \u0626\u06c7\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0649\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u06d5\u0631\u0628\u0649\u064a\u06d5\u0644\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u0646. \u0626\u06c7\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645 – \u0645\u06d5\u0631\u0649\u067e\u06d5\u062a\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0628 – \u0626\u06d5\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u06cb\u06d5\u0632 – \u0646\u06d5\u0633\u06be\u06d5\u062a \u0633\u0627\u06be\u06d5\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u062f\u06d5 \u0628\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06d0\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u06c7\u0643\u06d5\u0645\u0645\u06d5\u0644\u0644\u0649\u0634\u0649\u067e \u0628\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646. \u0626\u06c7 \u0645\u06c7\u0633\u06c7\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u062f\u0649\u0646\u0649\u064a \u0626\u0649\u0634\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u06be\u06d5\u0645\u0645\u0649\u0633\u0649\u062f\u06d5 \u062f\u06d0\u06af\u06c8\u062f\u06d5\u0643 \u0645\u06c7\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0649\u0626\u06d5\u062a \u0642\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0646\u0649\u062f\u0649\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u06c7\u0631\u0644\u06c7\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u06c7\u067e \u0642\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0626\u0649\u062f\u0649. \u0626\u06c7 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0649\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u06c6\u067e\u0644\u0649\u06af\u06d5\u0646 \u0645\u06c7\u0646\u06d5\u06cb\u06cb\u06d5\u0631 \u06cb\u06d5 \u067e\u06d5\u0632\u0649\u0644\u06d5\u062a\u0644\u0649\u0643 \u0626\u0627\u0644\u0649\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u06d0\u062a\u0649\u0634\u0649\u067e \u0686\u0649\u0642\u0642\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0649\u0646 \u0643\u06d0\u064a\u0649\u0646 \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645\u0646\u0649\u06ad\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0627\u0631\u0649\u067e\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0643\u06d5\u0644\u06af\u06c8\u0633\u0649\u06af\u06d5 \u06be\u06d5\u0645\u062f\u06d5 \u0626\u0627\u06cb\u0627\u0645 – \u062e\u06d5\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0626\u0649\u0634\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u06be\u06d5\u0645\u0645\u0649\u0633\u0649\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627 \u064a\u06c6\u0646\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0634\u062a\u06d5 \u0645\u06d0\u06ad\u0649\u0634\u0649\u063a\u0627 \u0646\u0649\u0633\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0646 \u0628\u0649\u0631 \u0626\u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0649\u0631\u062c\u06d5\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0626\u0649\u062f\u0649. \u0686\u06c8\u0646\u0643\u0649\u060c \u0643\u06d5\u06ad – \u0643\u06c6\u0644\u06d5\u0645\u0644\u0649\u0643 \u0626\u0648\u064a\u063a\u0649\u0646\u0649\u0634 \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645\u0649 \u06cb\u06d5 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0627\u0631\u0649\u067e \u0626\u0649\u0634\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u063a\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0649\u0642 \u0626\u0649\u062f\u0649. \u06cb\u06d5\u06be\u0627\u0644\u06d5\u0646\u0643\u0649\u060c \u0628\u06c7 \u0626\u0648\u064a\u063a\u0649\u0646\u0649\u0634 \u06cb\u06d5 \u0626\u0649\u0633\u0644\u0627\u06be\u0627\u062a \u0626\u0649\u0634\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u063a\u0627 \u064a\u06d0\u062a\u06d5\u0643\u0686\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0643 \u0642\u0649\u0644\u0649\u062f\u0649\u063a\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0627 \u0626\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u06be\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06d5\u0646 \u06cb\u06d5\u062f\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u06af\u06d5 \u06cb\u0627\u067e\u0627 \u0642\u0649\u0644\u0649\u062f\u0649\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0643\u06d5\u0643\u0644\u06d5\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0626\u0649\u062f\u0649. \u0626\u06c7 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0649 (\u0632\u06c7\u06be\u06c7\u0631\u06c7\u062f\u062f\u0649\u0646 \u06be\u06d5\u0643\u0649\u0645) \u06be\u0648\u0642\u06c7\u0642\u062a\u0649\u0646 \u0686\u06c8\u0634\u06c8\u067e \u0628\u06c8\u064a\u06c8\u0643 \u062a\u06c8\u0631\u0643\u0649\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u063a\u06d5\u0631\u0628\u0649\u062f\u0649\u0643\u0649 \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0649\u06af\u06d5 \u0643\u06d5\u062a\u0643\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0649\u0646 \u0643\u06d0\u064a\u0649\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0631\u06c7\u0633\u0649\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0643\u0649 \u06be\u0649\u062c\u0631\u0649\u064a\u06d5 1279 – \u064a\u0649\u0644\u0649 \u06cb\u0627\u067e\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0627 \u0642\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0631 \u0626\u0649\u0628\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u062a\u060c \u0645\u06c7\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0649\u0626\u06d5 \u0642\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0634\u060c \u067e\u06d5\u062a\u06cb\u0627 \u0628\u06d0\u0631\u0649\u0634 \u0642\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0649\u0642 \u0626\u0649\u0634\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0649\u0644\u06d5\u0646 \u0645\u06d5\u0634\u063a\u06c7\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n
\u0626\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u06be \u062a\u0627\u0626\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u06d5\u0631\u06be\u06c7\u0645\u063a\u0627 \u0631\u06d5\u06be\u0645\u06d5\u062a \u0642\u0649\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a!<\/p>\n
\u0628\u0649\u0632\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0628\u06c7 \u0643\u0649\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u064a\u06d0\u0632\u0649\u0634\u062a\u0649\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06d5\u0642\u0633\u0649\u062a\u0649\u0645\u0649\u0632 20 – \u0626\u06d5\u0633\u0649\u0631\u062f\u0649\u0643\u0649 \u062a\u06c8\u0631\u0643\u0649\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0649\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0649\u062f\u0627 \u0626\u06c6\u062a\u0643\u06d5\u0646 \u0626\u0627\u0644\u0649\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u062a\u06d5\u0631\u062c\u0649\u0645\u0649\u06be\u0627\u0644\u0649\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u067e\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0626\u0649\u062f\u0649. \u0628\u0649\u0632\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0628\u06c7 \u0634\u06d5\u064a\u062e\u0649\u0645\u0649\u0632\u0645\u06c7 \u062f\u06d5\u0644 \u0634\u06c7 \u0626\u06d5\u0633\u0649\u0631\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u0644\u06d5\u067e\u0643\u0649 \u06cb\u0627\u0642\u0649\u062a\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u062f\u0627 \u0626\u06c6\u062a\u0643\u06d5\u0646. \u0645\u06d5\u0631\u06be\u06c7\u0645 \u0626\u06c7\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0649\u0645\u0649\u0632 \u0628\u06c8\u064a\u06c8\u0643 \u0634\u06d5\u0631\u0642\u0649\u064a \u062a\u06c8\u0631\u0643\u0649\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0634\u06d5\u0631\u0642 \u06cb\u06d5 \u063a\u06d5\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0649\u0643\u0649 \u0626\u0627\u06cb\u063a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u06cb\u06c7\u0632\u0686\u0649\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0646\u0649\u062c\u0649\u0633 \u0642\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0645\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u06d0\u06af\u0649\u0634\u062a\u0649\u0646 \u0628\u06c7\u0631\u06c7\u0646\u0642\u0649 \u06af\u06c8\u0644\u0644\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u0646\u060c \u0626\u0627\u0644\u062a\u06c7\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06cb\u0631\u0649\u062f\u06d5 \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645 – \u0645\u06d5\u0631\u0649\u067e\u06d5\u062a \u062c\u06d5\u06be\u06d5\u062a\u062a\u0649\u0643\u0649 \u06af\u06c8\u0644\u0644\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06c8\u0631\u06c8\u0634\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0626\u06d5\u06ad \u064a\u0627\u062e\u0634\u0649 \u0626\u06c6\u0644\u0645\u06d5\u0633 \u0626\u06c8\u0644\u06af\u0649\u0633\u0649\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0649\u0643\u0644\u06d5\u067e \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u0649. \u0634\u06c7\u06ad\u0627\u060c \u0626\u06c7\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u06be\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0649\u0646\u0649 \u0626\u06c7\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645\u0649\u064a \u06af\u06c8\u0644\u0644\u0649\u0646\u0649\u0634\u062a\u0649\u0643\u0649 \u0628\u06c8\u064a\u06c8\u0643 \u062e\u0649\u0632\u0645\u0649\u062a\u0649\u060c \u0626\u0627\u06cb\u0627\u0645 \u0626\u0627\u0631\u0649\u0633\u0649\u062f\u0649\u0643\u0649 \u0626\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0628 – \u0626\u06d5\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u06cb\u06d5 \u0626\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0645 – \u0645\u06d5\u0631\u0649\u067e\u06d5\u062a \u06be\u06d5\u0645\u062f\u06d5 \u0626\u0649\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0649\u064a \u06be\u06c6\u0643\u06c8\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0649\u0642\u060c \u0633\u0627\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0626\u06d5\u0642\u0649\u062f\u0649\u0646\u0649 \u06be\u0649\u0645\u0627\u064a\u06d5 \u0642\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0634 \u0642\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0649\u0642 \u062a\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u067e\u0644\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u0649\u0643\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0634\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u06c6\u06be\u067e\u0649\u0633\u0649\u0646\u0649 \u0642\u0649\u0633\u0642\u0649\u0686\u06d5 \u0628\u06c7 \u0643\u0649\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0634 \u0628\u0649\u0632\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0645\u06d5\u062c\u0628\u06c7\u0631\u0649\u064a\u0649\u062a\u0649\u0645\u0649\u0632 \u062f\u06d5\u067e \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0649\u062f\u06c7\u0642.<\/p>\n
\u0626\u06d5\u062f\u0649\u0628 \u0626\u06c7\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06c7\u06be\u06d5\u0645\u0645\u06d5\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0649\u0645 \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u0649\u0646 \u062a\u06c8\u0631\u0643\u0649\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0649\u064a\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u00ab\u0628\u0649\u0631 \u0642\u0649\u0633\u0649\u0645 \u062a\u06c7\u0631\u0643\u0649\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u062e\u0649\u0644\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u06c7\u0634\u062a\u06c7\u0631\u06c7\u0634 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0649\u0642 \u0643\u0649\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0649\u062f\u0649\u0646 \u00ab\u0633\u0627\u062c\u0649\u064a\u06d5 \u0626\u0649\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u06d5\u062a\u0642\u0649\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06d5\u0631\u0643\u0649\u0632\u0649\u00bb \u062a\u06d5\u0631\u062c\u0649\u0645\u06d5 \u0642\u0649\u0644\u062f\u0649.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00a0(\u06be. 1209\u2013 1311\/ \u0645. 1794 \u2013 1893) \u0634\u06d5\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0626\u06c7\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0626\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u06d5\u0632\u06d5\u0631 \u0626\u0649\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u06c7\u06be\u06d5\u0645\u0645\u06d5\u062f \u0646\u06d5\u0632\u0649\u0631 \u062a\u06c7\u0631\u067e\u0627\u0646\u0649\u064a \u0634\u06d5\u0631\u0642\u0649\u064a \u062a\u06c8\u0631\u0643\u0649\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0645\u06d5\u0634\u06be\u06c7\u0631 \u0642\u06d5\u062f\u0649\u0645\u0649\u064a \u0634\u06d5\u06be\u06d5\u0631\u0644\u0649\u0631\u0649\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0628\u0649\u0631\u0649 \u06be\u06d0\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0649\u0646\u0649\u062f\u0649\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u06c7\u0631\u067e\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u06d5\u06be\u0649\u0631\u0649\u062f\u06d5 \u062a\u06c7\u063a\u06c7\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0646. \u0626\u06c7 \u062f\u0649\u0646\u0649\u0646\u0649 \u06be\u06d5\u0645\u0645\u0649\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0626\u06c8\u0633\u062a\u0649\u06af\u06d5 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0649\u062f\u0649\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u06d5\u06cb\u0645\u0649\u0646\u0649\u06ad \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u0626\u06d5\u0646\u0649\u0633\u0649 \u06cb\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u0642\u0649\u062f\u0649\u0633\u0649\u06af\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u06ad\u06c8\u0644 \u0628\u06c6\u0644\u0649\u062f\u0649\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u06be\u0649\u0645\u0645\u0649\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u06c8\u0643\u0633\u06d5\u0643 \u0626\u0649\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0649\u064a \u06be\u06c6\u0643\u06c8\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u06c7\u06be\u06c7\u0631\u06c7\u062f\u062f\u0649\u0646 \u06be\u06d5\u0643\u0649\u0645 \u0628\u0649\u0644\u06d5\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06cb\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0634 \u0626\u0649\u062f\u0649. \u06be\u06d5\u0631 \u0626\u0649\u0643\u0643\u0649\u0644\u0649\u0633\u0649 \u062a\u06c7\u0631\u067e\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0649\u0642 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u06c7\u067e\u060c \u0628\u0649\u0631\u0649\u0646\u0686\u0649\u0633\u0649 \u064a\u06d5\u0646\u0649 \u0634\u06d5\u064a\u062e \u0626\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u06d5\u0632\u06d5\u0631 \u0626\u0627\u062e\u06c7\u0646\u06c7\u0645…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13116,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[152,10],"tags":[319],"class_list":["post-2423","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-terjimihallar","category-10","tag-319"],"featured_media_src_url":"https:\/\/sajiya.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/\u0628\u06c8\u064a\u06c8\u0643-\u0626\u06c7\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0632\u060c-\u0634\u06d5\u064a\u062e-\u0626\u0627\u0644-\u0646\u06d5\u0632\u06d5\u0631-\u0626\u0627\u062e\u06c7\u0646\u06c7\u0645-\u062a\u06c7\u0631\u067e\u0627\u0646\u0649--1024x576.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sajiya.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2423","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sajiya.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sajiya.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sajiya.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sajiya.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2423"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sajiya.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2423\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16680,"href":"https:\/\/sajiya.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2423\/revisions\/16680"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sajiya.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sajiya.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2423"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sajiya.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2423"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sajiya.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2423"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}